Which learning theory designates the strengthening of behavior through reinforcement?

The concept of operant conditioning, which is identified in this question, is rooted in the idea that behaviors can be modified and strengthened through the use of consequences. Specifically, when a behavior is followed by a reinforcement, such as a reward, it is more likely to occur again in the future. This theory was primarily developed by B.F. Skinner, who demonstrated that positive reinforcements can be used to increase the likelihood of desired behaviors in both animals and humans.

In operant conditioning, reinforcement can take various forms, including positive reinforcement, where something desirable is added following the behavior, or negative reinforcement, where an unpleasant stimulus is removed. This process emphasizes the role of environmental factors in shaping behavior over time and illustrates how individuals learn from the consequences of their actions.

Other theories of learning, while also important, focus on different aspects of the learning process. Observational learning, for example, involves learning behaviors by watching others and does not rely primarily on reinforcement to shape behavior. Classical conditioning focuses on associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response, rather than reinforcing a specific behavior. Cognitive learning, on the other hand, emphasizes mental processes and understanding rather than behavior modification through reinforcement. Therefore, operant conditioning