What was a notable limitation of the Dement and Kleitman (1957) study?

The correct response highlights a significant limitation of the Dement and Kleitman study by indicating that the results may have been biased due to a small sample size, particularly if the sample predominantly consisted of men or if there was an imbalance in the representation of genders. This limitation is important because it suggests that the findings may not be generalizable to the wider population. A small sample size increases the risk of variability in the results and can lead to conclusions that do not accurately reflect the experiences or behaviors of a more diverse group.

In contrast, having a large and diverse sample, an equal number of male and female participants, or utilizing an experimental and rigorous methodology would typically enhance the reliability and applicability of the findings. These aspects would contribute positively to the study’s robustness rather than serve as limitations.