What does groupthink describe?

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs when a group prioritizes consensus and harmony over critical analysis and independent thinking. In situations where groupthink is present, individuals may suppress dissenting viewpoints, avoid raising concerns, and conform to the dominant perspective of the group in order to maintain a sense of unity. This can lead to poor decision-making, as the group may overlook important information, fail to consider alternative solutions, and ultimately make irrational choices.

This phenomenon often arises in cohesive groups where members have a strong desire to keep the peace or where there is a powerful leader guiding the team. As a result, the emphasis on consensus can cloud judgement and inhibit creativity, leading to decisions that are not thoroughly vetted or reasoned.

Other options describe scenarios that are contrary to the essence of groupthink. Independent thinking, logic-focused decision-making, and incorporating diverse viewpoints all serve to mitigate the risks associated with groupthink. These approaches encourage critical evaluation of ideas rather than pushing for conformity, which is what characterizes the detrimental effects of groupthink.